Cloud Practice

#161 (Accuracy: 100% / 3 votes)

A company has enabled all features for its organization in AWS Organizations. The organization contains 10 AWS accounts. The company has turned on AWS CloudTrail in all the accounts. The company expects the number of AWS accounts in the organization to increase to 500 during the next year. The company plans to use multiple OUs for these accounts.
The company has enabled AWS Config in each existing AWS account in the organization. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution that enables AWS Config automatically for all future AWS accounts that are created in the organization.
Which solution will meet this requirement?

A. In the organization's management account, create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to a CreateAccount API call. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that enables trusted access to AWS Config for the organization.
B. In the organization's management account, create an AWS CloudFormation stack set to enable AWS Config. Configure the stack set to deploy automatically when an account is created through Organizations.
C. In the organization's management account, create an SCP that allows the appropriate AWS Config API calls to enable AWS Config. Apply the SCP to the root-level OU.
D. In the organization's management account, create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to a CreateAccount API call. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook to enable AWS Config for the account.

#162 (Accuracy: 100% / 3 votes)

A company is running an application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. Recently, an issue occurred that prevented EC2 instances from launching successfully, and it took several hours for the support team to discover the issue. The support team wants to be notified by email whenever an EC2 instance does not start successfully.

Which action will accomplish this?

A. Add a health check to the Auto Scaling group to invoke an AWS Lambda function whenever an instance status is impaired.
B. Configure the Auto Scaling group to send a notification to an Amazon SNS topic whenever a failed instance launch occurs.
C. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that invokes an AWS Lambda function when a failed AttachInstances Auto Scaling API call is made.
D. Create a status check alarm on Amazon EC2 to send a notification to an Amazon SNS topic whenever a status check fail occurs.

#163 (Accuracy: 100% / 2 votes)

A company is deploying a new application that uses Amazon EC2 instances. The company needs a solution to query application logs and AWS account API activity.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to send logs from the EC2 instances to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Configure AWS CloudTrail to deliver the API logs to Amazon S3. Use CloudWatch to query both sets of logs.
B. Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to send logs from the EC2 instances to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Configure AWS CloudTrail to deliver the API logs to CloudWatch Logs. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to query both sets of logs.
C. Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to send logs from the EC2 instances to Amazon Kinesis. Configure AWS CloudTrail to deliver the API logs to Kinesis. Use Kinesis to load the data into Amazon Redshift. Use Amazon Redshift to query both sets of logs.
D. Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to send logs from the EC2 instances to Amazon S3. Use AWS CloudTrail to deliver the API logs to Amazon S3. Use Amazon Athena to query both sets of logs in Amazon S3.

#164 (Accuracy: 100% / 3 votes)

A business has an application that consists of five independent AWS Lambda functions.

The DevOps engineer has built a CI/CD pipeline using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild that builds, tests, packages, and deploys each Lambda function in sequence. The pipeline uses an Amazon EventBridge rule to ensure the pipeline starts as quickly as possible after a change is made to the application source code.

After working with the pipeline for a few months, the DevOps engineer has noticed the pipeline takes too long to complete.

What should the DevOps engineer implement to BEST improve the speed of the pipeline?

A. Modify the CodeBuild projects within the pipeline to use a compute type with more available network throughput.
B. Create a custom CodeBuild execution environment that includes a symmetric multiprocessing configuration to run the builds in parallel.
C. Modify the CodePipeline configuration to run actions for each Lambda function in parallel by specifying the same runOrder.
D. Modify each CodeBuild project to run within a VPC and use dedicated instances to increase throughput.

#165 (Accuracy: 100% / 4 votes)

A company deploys updates to its Amazon API Gateway API several times a week by using an AWS CodePipeline pipeline. As part of the update process, the company exports the JavaScript SDK for the API from the API Gateway console and uploads the SDK to an Amazon S3 bucket.

The company has configured an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the S3 bucket as an origin. Web clients then download the SDK by using the CloudFront distribution’s endpoint. A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to make the new SDK available automatically during new API deployments.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Create a CodePipeline action immediately after the deployment stage of the API. Configure the action to invoke an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to download the SDK from API Gateway, upload the SDK to the S3 bucket, and create a CloudFront invalidation for the SDK path.
B. Create a CodePipeline action immediately after the deployment stage of the API. Configure the action to use the CodePipeline integration with API Gateway to export the SDK to Amazon S3. Create another action that uses the CodePipeline integration with Amazon S3 to invalidate the cache for the SDK path.
C. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to UpdateStage events from aws.apigateway. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to download the SDK from API Gateway, upload the SDK to the S3 bucket, and call the CloudFront API to create an invalidation for the SDK path.
D. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to CreateDeployment events from aws.apigateway. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to download the SDK from API Gateway, upload the SDK to the S3 bucket, and call the S3 API to invalidate the cache for the SDK path.

#166 (Accuracy: 100% / 2 votes)

An application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). A DevOps engineer is using AWS CodeDeploy to release a new version. The deployment fails during the AllowTraffic lifecycle event, but a cause for the failure is not indicated in the deployment logs.

What would cause this?

A. The appspec.yml file contains an invalid script that runs in the AllowTraffic lifecycle hook.
B. The user who initiated the deployment does not have the necessary permissions to interact with the ALB.
C. The health checks specified for the ALB target group are misconfigured.
D. The CodeDeploy agent was not installed in the EC2 instances that are part of the ALB target group.

#167 (Accuracy: 100% / 3 votes)

A company has a guideline that every Amazon EC2 instance must be launched from an AMI that the company’s security team produces. Every month, the security team sends an email message with the latest approved AMIs to all the development teams.

The development teams use AWS CloudFormation to deploy their applications. When developers launch a new service, they have to search their email for the latest AMIs that the security department sent. A DevOps engineer wants to automate the process that the security team uses to provide the AMI IDs to the development teams.

What is the MOST scalable solution that meets these requirements?

A. Direct the security team to use CloudFormation to create new versions of the AMIs and to list the AMI ARNs in an encrypted Amazon S3 object as part of the stack’s Outputs section. Instruct the developers to use a cross-stack reference to load the encrypted S3 object and obtain the most recent AMI ARNs.
B. Direct the security team to use a CloudFormation stack to create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that builds new AMIs and places the latest AMI ARNs in an encrypted Amazon S3 object as part of the pipeline output. Instruct the developers to use a cross-stack reference within their own CloudFormation template to obtain the S3 object location and the most recent AMI ARNs.
C. Direct the security team to use Amazon EC2 Image Builder to create new AMIs and to place the AMI ARNs as parameters in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Instruct the developers to specify a parameter of type SSM in their CloudFormation stack to obtain the most recent AMI ARNs from Parameter Store.
D. Direct the security team to use Amazon EC2 Image Builder to create new AMIs and to create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic so that every development team can receive notifications. When the development teams receive a notification, instruct them to write an AWS Lambda function that will update their CloudFormation stack with the most recent AMI ARNs.

#168 (Accuracy: 95% / 4 votes)

A company has developed a serverless web application that is hosted on AWS. The application consists of Amazon S3. Amazon API Gateway, several AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. The company is using AWS CodeCommit to store the source code. The source code is a combination of AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) templates and Python code.
A security audit and penetration test reveal that user names and passwords for authentication to the database are hardcoded within CodeCommit repositories. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution to automatically detect and prevent hardcoded secrets.
What is the MOST secure solution that meets these requirements?

A. Enable Amazon CodeGuru Profiler. Decorate the handler function with @with_lambda_profiler(). Manually review the recommendation report. Write the secret to AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a secure string. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from Parameter Store.
B. Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Manually check the code review for any recommendations. Choose the option to protect the secret. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from AWS Secrets Manager.
C. Enable Amazon CodeGuru Profiler. Decorate the handler function with @with_lambda_profiler(). Manually review the recommendation report. Choose the option to protect the secret. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from AWS Secrets Manager.
D. Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Manually check the code review for any recommendations. Write the secret to AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a string. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from Parameter Store.

#169 (Accuracy: 100% / 3 votes)

A company wants to migrate its content sharing web application hosted on Amazon EC2 to a serverless architecture. The company currently deploys changes to its application by creating a new Auto Scaling group of EC2 instances and a new Elastic Load Balancer, and then shifting the traffic away using an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy.
For its new serverless application, the company is planning to use Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. The company will need to update its deployment processes to work with the new application. It will also need to retain the ability to test new features on a small number of users before rolling the features out to the entire user base.
Which deployment strategy will meet these requirements?

A. Use AWS CDK to deploy API Gateway and Lambda functions. When code needs to be changed, update the AWS CloudFormation stack and deploy the new version of the APIs and Lambda functions. Use a Route 53 failover routing policy for the canary release strategy.
B. Use AWS CloudFormation to deploy API Gateway and Lambda functions using Lambda function versions. When code needs to be changed, update the CloudFormation stack with the new Lambda code and update the API versions using a canary release strategy. Promote the new version when testing is complete.
C. Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy API Gateway and Lambda functions. When code needs to be changed, deploy a new version of the API and Lambda functions. Shift traffic gradually using an Elastic Beanstalk blue/green deployment.
D. Use AWS OpsWorks to deploy API Gateway in the service layer and Lambda functions in a custom layer. When code needs to be changed, use OpsWorks to perform a blue/green deployment and shift traffic gradually.

#170 (Accuracy: 93% / 4 votes)

A company has many applications. Different teams in the company developed the applications by using multiple languages and frameworks. The applications run on premises and on different servers with different operating systems. Each team has its own release protocol and process. The company wants to reduce the complexity of the release and maintenance of these applications.
The company is migrating its technology stacks, including these applications, to AWS. The company wants centralized control of source code, a consistent and automatic delivery pipeline, and as few maintenance tasks as possible on the underlying infrastructure.
What should a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

A. Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for all applications. Put each application's code in a different branch. Merge the branches, and use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to one centralized application server.
B. Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications one at a time. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to one centralized application server.
C. Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications one at a time and to create one AMI for each server. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to automatically provision and decommission Amazon EC2 fleets by using these AMIs.
D. Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build one Docker image for each application in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on infrastructure that AWS Fargate manages.

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