Cloud Practice

#71 (Accuracy: 93% / 19 votes)

A retail company has an on-premises data center in Europe. The company also has a multi-Region AWS presence that includes the eu-west-1 and us-east-1 Regions. The company wants to be able to route network traffic from its on-premises infrastructure into VPCs in either of those Regions. The company also needs to support traffic that is routed directly between VPCs in those Regions. No single points of failure can exist on the network.

The company already has created two 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connections from its on-premises data center. Each connection goes into a separate Direct Connect location in Europe for high availability. These two locations are named DX-A and DX-B, respectively. Each Region has a single AWS Transit Gateway that is configured to route all inter-VPC traffic within that Region.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Create a private VIF from the DX-A connection into a Direct Connect gateway. Create a private VIF from the DX-B connection into the same Direct Connect gateway for high availability. Associate both the eu-west-1 and us-east-1 transit gateways with the Direct Connect gateway. Peer the transit gateways with each other to support cross-Region routing.
B. Create a transit VIF from the DX-A connection into a Direct Connect gateway. Associate the eu-west-1 transit gateway with this Direct Connect gateway. Create a transit VIF from the DX-8 connection into a separate Direct Connect gateway. Associate the us-east-1 transit gateway with this separate Direct Connect gateway. Peer the Direct Connect gateways with each other to support high availability and cross-Region routing.
C. Create a transit VIF from the DX-A connection into a Direct Connect gateway. Create a transit VIF from the DX-B connection into the same Direct Connect gateway for high availability. Associate both the eu-west-1 and us-east-1 transit gateways with this Direct Connect gateway. Configure the Direct Connect gateway to route traffic between the transit gateways.
D. Create a transit VIF from the DX-A connection into a Direct Connect gateway. Create a transit VIF from the DX-B connection into the same Direct Connect gateway for high availability. Associate both the eu-west-1 and us-east-1 transit gateways with this Direct Connect gateway. Peer the transit gateways with each other to support cross-Region routing.

#72 (Accuracy: 100% / 9 votes)

A company wants to migrate to AWS. The company wants to use a multi-account structure with centrally managed access to all accounts and applications. The company also wants to keep the traffic on a private network. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is required at login, and specific roles are assigned to user groups.

The company must create separate accounts for development. staging, production, and shared network. The production account and the shared network account must have connectivity to all accounts. The development account and the staging account must have access only to each other.

Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take 10 meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

A. Deploy a landing zone environment by using AWS Control Tower. Enroll accounts and invite existing accounts into the resulting organization in AWS Organizations.
B. Enable AWS Security Hub in all accounts to manage cross-account access. Collect findings through AWS CloudTrail to force MFA login.
C. Create transit gateways and transit gateway VPC attachments in each account. Configure appropriate route tables.
D. Set up and enable AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On). Create appropriate permission sets with required MFA for existing accounts.
E. Enable AWS Control Tower in all accounts to manage routing between accounts. Collect findings through AWS CloudTrail to force MFA login.
F. Create IAM users and groups. Configure MFA for all users. Set up Amazon Cognoto user pools and Identity pools to manage access to accounts and between accounts.

#73 (Accuracy: 100% / 9 votes)

A company runs its application in the eu-west-1 Region and has one account for each of its environments: development, testing, and production. All the environments are running 24 hours a day, 7 days a week by using stateful Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon RDS for MySQL databases. The databases are between 500 GB and 800 GB in size.

The development team and testing team work on business days during business hours, but the production environment operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The company wants to reduce costs. All resources are tagged with an environment tag with either development, testing, or production as the key.

What should a solutions architect do to reduce costs with the LEAST operational effort?

A. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that runs once every day. Configure the rule to invoke one AWS Lambda function that starts or slops instances based on me tag, day, and time.
B. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that runs every business day in the evening. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that stops instances based on the tag. Create a second EventBridge rule that runs every business day in the morning. Configure the second rule lo invoke another Lambda function that starts instances based on the tag.
C. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that runs every business day in the evening, Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function that terminates, instances based on the lag. Create a second EventBridge rule that runs every business day in the morning. Configure the second rule lo invoke another Lambda function that restores the instances from their last backup based on the tag.
D. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that runs every hour. Configure the rule to invoke one AWS Lambda function that terminates or restores instances from their last backup based on the tag. day, and time.

#74 (Accuracy: 96% / 9 votes)

A company is building a software-as-a-service (SaaS) solution on AWS. The company has deployed an Amazon API Gateway REST API with AWS Lambda integration in multiple AWS Regions and in the same production account.

The company offers tiered pricing that gives customers the ability to pay for the capacity to make a certain number of API calls per second. The premium tier offers up to 3,000 calls per second, and customers are identified by a unique API key. Several premium tier customers in various Regions report that they receive error responses of 429 Too Many Requests from multiple API methods during peak usage hours. Logs indicate that the Lambda function is never invoked.

What could be the cause of the error messages for these customers?

A. The Lambda function reached its concurrency limit.
B. The Lambda function its Region limit for concurrency.
C. The company reached its API Gateway account limit for calls per second.
D. The company reached its API Gateway default per-method limit for calls per second.

#75 (Accuracy: 100% / 10 votes)

A company is migrating some of its applications to AWS. The company wants to migrate and modernize the applications quickly after it finalizes networking and security strategies. The company has set up an AWS Direct Connect connection in a central network account.

The company expects to have hundreds of AWS accounts and VPCs in the near future. The corporate network must be able to access the resources on AWS seamlessly and also must be able to communicate with all the VPCs. The company also wants to route its cloud resources to the internet through its on-premises data center.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

A. Create a Direct Connect gateway in the central account. In each of the accounts, create an association proposal by using the Direct Connect gateway and the account ID for every virtual private gateway.
B. Create a Direct Connect gateway and a transit gateway in the central network account. Attach the transit gateway to the Direct Connect gateway by using a transit VIF.
C. Provision an internet gateway. Attach the internet gateway to subnets. Allow internet traffic through the gateway.
D. Share the transit gateway with other accounts. Attach VPCs to the transit gateway.
E. Provision VPC peering as necessary.
F. Provision only private subnets. Open the necessary route on the transit gateway and customer gateway to allow outbound internet traffic from AWS to flow through NAT services that run in the data center.

#76 (Accuracy: 100% / 6 votes)

A company has hundreds of AWS accounts. The company recently implemented a centralized internal process for purchasing new Reserved Instances and modifying existing Reserved Instances. This process requires all business units that want to purchase or modify Reserved Instances to submit requests to a dedicated team for procurement. Previously, business units directly purchased or modified Reserved Instances in their own respective AWS accounts autonomously.

A solutions architect needs to enforce the new process in the most secure way possible.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

A. Ensure that all AWS accounts are part of an organization in AWS Organizations with all features enabled.
B. Use AWS Config to report on the attachment of an IAM policy that denies access to the ec2:PurchaseReservedInstancesOffering action and the ec2:ModifyReservedInstances action.
C. In each AWS account, create an IAM policy that denies the ec2:PurchaseReservedInstancesOffering action and the ec2:ModifyReservedInstances action.
D. Create an SCP that denies the ec2:PurchaseReservedInstancesOffering action and the ec2:ModifyReservedInstances action. Attach the SCP to each OU of the organization.
E. Ensure that all AWS accounts are part of an organization in AWS Organizations that uses the consolidated billing feature.

#77 (Accuracy: 90% / 13 votes)

A company is running a critical application that uses an Amazon RDS for MySQL database to store data. The RDS DB instance is deployed in Multi-AZ mode.

A recent RDS database failover test caused a 40-second outage to the application. A solutions architect needs to design a solution to reduce the outage time to less than 20 seconds.

Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

A. Use Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached in front of the database
B. Use Amazon ElastiCache for Redis in front of the database
C. Use RDS Proxy in front of the database.
D. Migrate the database to Amazon Aurora MySQL.
E. Create an Amazon Aurora Replica.
F. Create an RDS for MySQL read replica

#78 (Accuracy: 100% / 10 votes)

An AWS partner company is building a service in AWS Organizations using its organization named org1. This service requires the partner company to have access to AWS resources in a customer account, which is in a separate organization named org2. The company must establish least privilege security access using an API or command line tool to the customer account.

What is the MOST secure way to allow org1 to access resources in org2?

A. The customer should provide the partner company with their AWS account access keys to log in and perform the required tasks.
B. The customer should create an IAM user and assign the required permissions to the IAM user. The customer should then provide the credentials to the partner company to log in and perform the required tasks.
C. The customer should create an IAM role and assign the required permissions to the IAM role. The partner company should then use the IAM role’s Amazon Resource Name (ARN) when requesting access to perform the required tasks.
D. The customer should create an IAM role and assign the required permissions to the IAM role. The partner company should then use the IAM role’s Amazon Resource Name (ARN), including the external ID in the IAM role’s trust policy, when requesting access to perform the required tasks.

#79 (Accuracy: 100% / 9 votes)

An external audit of a company’s serverless application reveals IAM policies that grant too many permissions. These policies are attached to the company's AWS Lambda execution roles. Hundreds of the company's Lambda functions have broad access permissions such as full access to Amazon S3 buckets and Amazon DynamoDB tables. The company wants each function to have only the minimum permissions that the function needs to complete its task.

A solutions architect must determine which permissions each Lambda function needs.

What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement with the LEAST amount of effort?

A. Set up Amazon CodeGuru to profile the Lambda functions and search for AWS API calls. Create an inventory of the required API calls and resources for each Lambda function. Create new IAM access policies for each Lambda function. Review the new policies to ensure that they meet the company's business requirements.
B. Turn on AWS CloudTrail logging for the AWS account. Use AWS Identity and Access Management Access Analyzer to generate IAM access policies based on the activity recorded in the CloudTrail log. Review the generated policies to ensure that they meet the company's business requirements.
C. Turn on AWS CloudTrail logging for the AWS account. Create a script to parse the CloudTrail log, search for AWS API calls by Lambda execution role, and create a summary report. Review the report. Create IAM access policies that provide more restrictive permissions for each Lambda function.
D. Turn on AWS CloudTrail logging for the AWS account. Export the CloudTrail logs to Amazon S3. Use Amazon EMR to process the CloudTrail logs in Amazon S3 and produce a report of API calls and resources used by each execution role. Create a new IAM access policy for each role. Export the generated roles to an S3 bucket. Review the generated policies to ensure that they meet the company’s business requirements.

#80 (Accuracy: 97% / 10 votes)

A solutions architect must analyze a company’s Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes to determine whether the company is using resources efficiently. The company is running several large, high-memory EC2 instances to host database clusters that are deployed in active/passive configurations. The utilization of these EC2 instances varies by the applications that use the databases, and the company has not identified a pattern.

The solutions architect must analyze the environment and take action based on the findings.

Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

A. Create a dashboard by using AWS Systems Manager OpsCenter. Configure visualizations for Amazon CloudWatch metrics that are associated with the EC2 instances and their EBS volumes. Review the dashboard periodically, and identify usage patterns. Rightsize the EC2 instances based on the peaks in the metrics.
B. Turn on Amazon CloudWatch detailed monitoring for the EC2 instances and their EBS volumes. Create and review a dashboard that is based on the metrics. Identify usage patterns. Rightsize the EC2 instances based on the peaks in the metrics.
C. Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on each of the EC2 instances. Turn on AWS Compute Optimizer, and let it run for at least 12 hours. Review the recommendations from Compute Optimizer, and rightsize the EC2 instances as directed.
D. Sign up for the AWS Enterprise Support plan. Turn on AWS Trusted Advisor. Wait 12 hours. Review the recommendations from Trusted Advisor, and rightsize the EC2 instances as directed.

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