Cloud Practice

#261 (Accuracy: 93% / 6 votes)

A company is deploying a third-party web application on AWS. The application is packaged as a Docker image. The company has deployed the Docker image as an AWS Fargate service in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). An Application Load Balancer (ALB) directs traffic to the application.

The company needs to give only a specific list of users the ability to access the application from the internet. The company cannot change the application and cannot integrate the application with an identity provider. All users must be authenticated through multi-factor authentication (MFA).

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Create a user pool in Amazon Cognito. Configure the pool for the application. Populate the pool with the required users. Configure the pool to require MFConfigure a listener rule on the ALB to require authentication through the Amazon Cognito hosted UI.
B. Configure the users in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM). Attach a resource policy to the Fargate service to require users to use MFA. Configure a listener rule on the ALB to require authentication through IAM.
C. Configure the users in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM). Enable AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On). Configure resource protection for the ALB. Create a resource protection rule to require users to use MFA.
D. Create a user pool in AWS Amplify. Configure the pool for the application. Populate the pool with the required users. Configure the pool to require MFA. Configure a listener rule on the ALB to require authentication through the Amplify hosted UI.

#262 (Accuracy: 100% / 8 votes)

A company is deploying AWS Lambda functions that access an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL database. The company needs to launch the Lambda functions in a QA environment and in a production environment.

The company must not expose credentials within application code and must rotate passwords automatically.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Store the database credentials for both environments in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Encrypt the credentials by using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. Within the application code of the Lambda functions, pull the credentials from the Parameter Store parameter by using the AWS SDK for Python (Boto3). Add a role to the Lambda functions to provide access to the Parameter Store parameter.
B. Store the database credentials for both environments in AWS Secrets Manager with distinct key entry for the QA environment and the production environment. Turn on rotation. Provide a reference to the Secrets Manager key as an environment variable for the Lambda functions.
C. Store the database credentials for both environments in AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS). Turn on rotation. Provide a reference to the credentials that are stored in AWS KMS as an environment variable for the Lambda functions.
D. Create separate S3 buckets for the QA environment and the production environment. Turn on server-side encryption with AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS) for the S3 buckets. Use an object naming pattern that gives each Lambda function’s application code the ability to pull the correct credentials for the function's corresponding environment. Grant each Lambda function's execution role access to Amazon S3.

#263 (Accuracy: 91% / 8 votes)

A company is preparing to deploy an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster for a workload. The company expects the cluster to support an unpredictable number of stateless pods. Many of the pods will be created during a short time period as the workload automatically scales the number of replicas that the workload uses.

Which solution will MAXIMIZE node resilience?

A. Use a separate launch template to deploy the EKS control plane into a second cluster that is separate from the workload node groups.
B. Update the workload node groups. Use a smaller number of node groups and larger instances in the node groups.
C. Configure the Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler to ensure that the compute capacity of the workload node groups stays underprovisioned.
D. Configure the workload to use topology spread constraints that are based on Availability Zone.

#264 (Accuracy: 93% / 10 votes)

During an audit, a security team discovered that a development team was putting IAM user secret access keys in their code and then committing it to an AWS CodeCommit repository. The security team wants to automatically find and remediate instances of this security vulnerability.

Which solution will ensure that the credentials are appropriately secured automatically?

A. Run a script nightly using AWS Systems Manager Run Command to search for credentials on the development instances. If found, use AWS Secrets Manager to rotate the credentials
B. Use a scheduled AWS Lambda function to download and scan the application code from CodeCommit. If credentials are found, generate new credentials and store them in AWS KMS.
C. Configure Amazon Macie to scan for credentials in CodeCommit repositories. If credentials are found, trigger an AWS Lambda function to disable the credentials and notify the user.
D. Configure a CodeCommit trigger to invoke an AWS Lambda function to scan new code submissions for credentials. If credentials are found, disable them in AWS IAM and notify the user.

#265 (Accuracy: 100% / 6 votes)

A company runs an application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that are in private subnets behind an internet-facing Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB is the origin for an Amazon CloudFront distribution. An AWS WAF web ACL that contains various AWS managed rules is associated with the CloudFront distribution.

The company needs a solution that will prevent internet traffic from directly accessing the ALB.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

A. Create a new web ACL that contains the same rules that the existing web ACL contains. Associate the new web ACL with the ALB.
B. Associate the existing web ACL with the ALB.
C. Add a security group rule to the ALB to allow traffic from the AWS managed prefix list for CloudFront only.
D. Add a security group rule to the ALB to allow only the various CloudFront IP address ranges.

#266 (Accuracy: 93% / 14 votes)

A manufacturing company is building an inspection solution for its factory. The company has IP cameras at the end of each assembly line. The company has used Amazon SageMaker to train a machine learning (ML) model to identify common defects from still images.

The company wants to provide local feedback to factory workers when a defect is detected. The company must be able to provide this feedback even if the factory’s internet connectivity is down. The company has a local Linux server that hosts an API that provides local feedback to the workers.

How should the company deploy the ML model to meet these requirements?

A. Set up an Amazon Kinesis video stream from each IP camera to AWS. Use Amazon EC2 instances to take still images of the streams. Upload the images to an Amazon S3 bucket. Deploy a SageMaker endpoint with the ML model. Invoke an AWS Lambda function to call the inference endpoint when new images are uploaded. Configure the Lambda function to call the local API when a defect is detected.
B. Deploy AWS IoT Greengrass on the local server. Deploy the ML model to the Greengrass server. Create a Greengrass component to take still images from the cameras and run inference. Configure the component to call the local API when a defect is detected.
C. Order an AWS Snowball device. Deploy a SageMaker endpoint the ML model and an Amazon EC2 instance on the Snowball device. Take still images from the cameras. Run inference from the EC2 instance. Configure the instance to call the local API when a defect is detected.
D. Deploy Amazon Monitron devices on each IP camera. Deploy an Amazon Monitron Gateway on premises. Deploy the ML model to the Amazon Monitron devices. Use Amazon Monitron health state alarms to call the local API from an AWS Lambda function when a defect is detected.

#267 (Accuracy: 100% / 6 votes)

A global media company is planning a multi-Region deployment of an application. Amazon DynamoDB global tables will back the deployment to keep the user experience consistent across the two continents where users are concentrated. Each deployment will have a public Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company manages public DNS internally. The company wants to make the application available through an apex domain.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?

A. Migrate public DNS to Amazon Route 53. Create CNAME records for the apex domain to point to the ALB. Use a geolocation routing policy to route traffic based on user location.
B. Place a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the ALMigrate public DNS to Amazon Route 53. Create a CNAME record for the apex domain to point to the NLB’s static IP address. Use a geolocation routing policy to route traffic based on user location.
C. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator with multiple endpoint groups that target endpoints in appropriate AWS Regions. Use the accelerator’s static IP address to create a record in public DNS for the apex domain.
D. Create an Amazon API Gateway API that is backed by AWS Lambda in one of the AWS Regions. Configure a Lambda function to route traffic to application deployments by using the round robin method. Create CNAME records for the apex domain to point to the API's URL.

#268 (Accuracy: 100% / 8 votes)

A company gives users the ability to upload images from a custom application. The upload process invokes an AWS Lambda function that processes and stores the image in an Amazon S3 bucket. The application invokes the Lambda function by using a specific function version ARN.

The Lambda function accepts image processing parameters by using environment variables. The company often adjusts the environment variables of the Lambda function to achieve optimal image processing output. The company tests different parameters and publishes a new function version with the updated environment variables after validating results. This update process also requires frequent changes to the custom application to invoke the new function version ARN. These changes cause interruptions for users.

A solutions architect needs to simplify this process to minimize disruption to users.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

A. Directly modify the environment variables of the published Lambda function version. Use the SLATEST version to test image processing parameters.
B. Create an Amazon DynamoDB table to store the image processing parameters. Modify the Lambda function to retrieve the image processing parameters from the DynamoDB table.
C. Directly code the image processing parameters within the Lambda function and remove the environment variables. Publish a new function version when the company updates the parameters.
D. Create a Lambda function alias. Modify the client application to use the function alias ARN. Reconfigure the Lambda alias to point to new versions of the function when the company finishes testing.

#269 (Accuracy: 100% / 8 votes)

A financial services company receives a regular data feed from its credit card servicing partner. Approximately 5,000 records are sent every 15 minutes in plaintext, delivered over HTTPS directly into an Amazon S3 bucket with server-side encryption. This feed contains sensitive credit card primary account number (PAN) data. The company needs to automatically mask the PAN before sending the data to another S3 bucket for additional internal processing. The company also needs to remove and merge specific fields, and then transform the record into JSON format. Additionally, extra feeds are likely to be added in the future, so any design needs to be easily expandable.

Which solutions will meet these requirements?

A. Invoke an AWS Lambda function on file delivery that extracts each record and writes it to an Amazon SQS queue. Invoke another Lambda function when new messages arrive in the SQS queue to process the records, writing the results to a temporary location in Amazon S3. Invoke a final Lambda function once the SQS queue is empty to transform the records into JSON format and send the results to another S3 bucket for internal processing.
B. Invoke an AWS Lambda function on file delivery that extracts each record and writes it to an Amazon SQS queue. Configure an AWS Fargate container application to automatically scale to a single instance when the SQS queue contains messages. Have the application process each record, and transform the record into JSON format. When the queue is empty, send the results to another S3 bucket for internal processing and scale down the AWS Fargate instance.
C. Create an AWS Glue crawler and custom classifier based on the data feed formats and build a table definition to match. Invoke an AWS Lambda function on file delivery to start an AWS Glue ETL job to transform the entire record according to the processing and transformation requirements. Define the output format as JSON. Once complete, have the ETL job send the results to another S3 bucket for internal processing.
D. Create an AWS Glue crawler and custom classifier based upon the data feed formats and build a table definition to match. Perform an Amazon Athena query on file delivery to start an Amazon EMR ETL job to transform the entire record according to the processing and transformation requirements. Define the output format as JSON. Once complete, send the results to another S3 bucket for internal processing and scale down the EMR cluster.

#270 (Accuracy: 100% / 6 votes)

A company is running an application in the AWS Cloud. The application runs on containers m an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster. The ECS tasks use the Fargate launch type. The application's data is relational and is stored in Amazon Aurora MySQL. To meet regulatory requirements, the application must be able to recover to a separate AWS Region in the event of an application failure. In case of a failure, no data can be lost.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

A. Provision an Aurora Replica in a different Region.
B. Set up AWS DataSync for continuous replication of the data to a different Region.
C. Set up AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to perform a continuous replication of the data to a different Region.
D. Use Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager (Amazon DLM) to schedule a snapshot every 5 minutes.

There are 321 results