Cloud Practice

#461 (Accuracy: 100% / 2 votes)

A Solutions Architect is designing a deployment strategy for an application tier and has the following requirements:
✑ The application code will need a 500 GB static dataset to be present before application startup.
✑ The application tier must be able to scale up and down based on demand with as little startup time as possible.
✑ The Development team should be able to update the code multiple times each day.
✑ Critical operating system (OS) patches must be installed within 48 hours of being released.
Which deployment strategy meets these requirements?

A. Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new AMI with the updated OS patches. Update the Auto Scaling group to use the patched AMI and replace existing unpatched instances. Use AWS CodeDeploy to push the application code to the instances. Store the static data in Amazon EFS.
B. Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new AMI with updated OS patches. Update the Auto Scaling group to use the patched AMI and replace existing unpatched instances. Update the OS patches and the application code as batch job every night. Store the static data in Amazon EFS.
C. Use an Amazon-provided AMI for the OS. Configure an Auto Scaling group set to a static instance count. Configure an Amazon EC2 user data script to download the data from Amazon S3. Install OS patches with AWS Systems Manager when they are released. Use AWS CodeDeploy to push the application code to the instances.
D. Use an Amazon-provided AMI for the OS. Configure an Auto Scaling group. Configure an Amazon EC2 user data script to download the data from Amazon S3. Replace existing instances after each updated Amazon-provided AMI release. Use AWS CodeDeploy to push the application code to the instances.

#462 (Accuracy: 100% / 1 votes)

A company is running a large containerized workload in the AWS Cloud. The workload consists of approximately 100 different services. The company uses
Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) to orchestrate the workload.
Recently, the company's development team started using AWS Fargate instead of Amazon EC2 instances in the ECS cluster. In the past, the workload has come close to running the maximum number of EC2 instances that are available in the account.
The company is worried that the workload could reach the maximum number of ECS tasks that are allowed. A solutions architect must implement a solution that will notify the development team when Fargate reaches 80% of the maximum number of tasks.
What should the solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

A. Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor the Sample Count statistic for each service in the ECS cluster. Set an alarm for when the math expression sample count/ SERVICE_QUOTA(service)*100 is greater than 80. Notify the development team by using Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS).
B. Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor service quotas that are published under the AWS/Usage metric namespace. Set an alarm for when the math expression metric/SERVICE_QUOTA(metric)*100 is greater than 80. Notify the development team by using Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS).
C. Create an AWS Lambda function to poll detailed metrics form the ECS cluster. When the number of running Fargate tasks is greater than 80, invoke Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) to notify the development team.
D. Create an AWS Config rule to evaluate whether the Fargate SERVICE_QUOTA is greater than 80. Use Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES) to notify the development team when the AWS Config rule is not compliant.

#463 (Accuracy: 100% / 4 votes)

A life sciences company is using a combination of open source tools to manage data analysis workflows and Docker containers running on servers in its on- premises data center to process genomics data. Sequencing data is generated and stored on a local storage area network (SAN), and then the data is processed.
The research and development teams are running into capacity issues and have decided to re-architect their genomics analysis platform on AWS to scale based on workload demands and reduce the turnaround time from weeks to days.
The company has a high-speed AWS Direct Connect connection. Sequencers will generate around 200 GB of data for each genome, and individual jobs can take several hours to process the data with ideal compute capacity. The end result will be stored in Amazon S3. The company is expecting 10-15 job requests each day.
Which solution meets these requirements?

A. Use regularly scheduled AWS Snowball Edge devices to transfer the sequencing data into AWS. When AWS receives the Snowball Edge device and the data is loaded into Amazon S3, use S3 events to trigger an AWS Lambda function to process the data.
B. Use AWS Data Pipeline to transfer the sequencing data to Amazon S3. Use S3 events to trigger an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to launch custom-AMI EC2 instances running the Docker containers to process the data.
C. Use AWS DataSync to transfer the sequencing data to Amazon S3. Use S3 events to trigger an AWS Lambda function that starts an AWS Step Functions workflow. Store the Docker images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) and trigger AWS Batch to run the container and process the sequencing data.
D. Use an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway to transfer the sequencing data to Amazon S3. Use S3 events to trigger an AWS Batch job that executes on Amazon EC2 instances running the Docker containers to process the data.

#464 (Accuracy: 100% / 2 votes)

A solutions architect is designing the data storage and retrieval architecture for a new application that a company will be launching soon. The application is designed to ingest millions of small records per minute from devices all around the world. Each record is less than 4 KB in size and needs to be stored in a durable location where it can be retrieved with low latency. The data is ephemeral and the company is required to store the data for 120 days only, after which the data can be deleted.
The solutions architect calculates that, during the course of a year, the storage requirements would be about 10-15 TB.
Which storage strategy is the MOST cost-effective and meets the design requirements?

A. Design the application to store each incoming record as a single .csv file in an Amazon S3 bucket to allow for indexed retrieval. Configure a lifecycle policy to delete data older than 120 days.
B. Design the application to store each incoming record in an Amazon DynamoDB table properly configured for the scale. Configure the DynamoDB Time to Live (TTL) feature to delete records older than 120 days.
C. Design the application to store each incoming record in a single table in an Amazon RDS MySQL database. Run a nightly cron job that executes a query to delete any records older than 120 days.
D. Design the application to batch incoming records before writing them to an Amazon S3 bucket. Update the metadata for the object to contain the list of records in the batch and use the Amazon S3 metadata search feature to retrieve the data. Configure a lifecycle policy to delete the data after 120 days.

#465 (Accuracy: 93% / 5 votes)

A finance company hosts a data lake in Amazon S3. The company receives financial data records over SFTP each night from several third parties. The company runs its own SFTP server on an Amazon EC2 instance in a public subnet of a VPC. After the files are uploaded, they are moved to the data lake by a cron job that runs on the same instance. The SFTP server is reachable on DNS sftp.example.com through the use of Amazon Route 53.
What should a solutions architect do to improve the reliability and scalability of the SFTP solution?

A. Move the EC2 instance into an Auto Scaling group. Place the EC2 instance behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the ALB.
B. Migrate the SFTP server to AWS Transfer for SFTP. Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the server endpoint hostname.
C. Migrate the SFTP server to a file gateway in AWS Storage Gateway. Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the file gateway endpoint.
D. Place the EC2 instance behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the NLB.

#466 (Accuracy: 100% / 1 votes)

A company's security compliance requirements state that all Amazon EC2 images must be scanned for vulnerabilities and must pass a CVE assessment. A solutions architect is developing a mechanism to create security- approved AMIs that can be used by developers. Any new AMIs should go through an automated assessment process and be marked as approved before developers can use them. The approved images must be scanned every 30 days to ensure compliance.
Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements while following best practices? (Choose two.)

A. Use the AWS Systems Manager EC2 agent to run the CVE assessment on the EC2 instances launched from the AMIs that need to be scanned.
B. Use AWS Lambda to write automatic approval rules. Store the approved AMI list in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Use Amazon EventBridge to trigger an AWS Systems Manager Automation document on all EC2 instances every 30 days.
C. Use Amazon Inspector to run the CVE assessment on the EC2 instances launched from the AMIs that need to be scanned.
D. Use AWS Lambda to write automatic approval rules. Store the approved AMI list in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Use a managed AWS Config rule for continuous scanning on all EC2 instances, and use AWS Systems Manager Automation documents for remediation.
E. Use AWS CloudTrail to run the CVE assessment on the EC2 instances launched from the AMIs that need to be scanned.

#467 (Accuracy: 100% / 2 votes)

A company has developed a web application. The company is hosting the application on a group of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer.
The company wants to improve the security posture of the application and plans to use AWS WAF web ACLs. The solution must not adversely affect legitimate traffic to the application.
How should a solutions architect configure the web ACLs to meet these requirements?

A. Set the action of the web ACL rules to Count. Enable AWS WAF logging. Analyze the requests for false positives. Modify the rules to avoid any false positive. Over time, change the action of the web ACL rules from Count to Block.
B. Use only rate-based rules in the web ACLs, and set the throttle limit as high as possible. Temporarily block all requests that exceed the limit. Define nested rules to narrow the scope of the rate tracking.
C. Set the action of the web ACL rules to Block. Use only AWS managed rule groups in the web ACLs. Evaluate the rule groups by using Amazon CloudWatch metrics with AWS WAF sampled requests or AWS WAF logs.
D. Use only custom rule groups in the web ACLs, and set the action to Allow. Enable AWS WAF logging. Analyze the requests for false positives. Modify the rules to avoid any false positive. Over time, change the action of the web ACL rules from Allow to Block.

#468 (Accuracy: 91% / 4 votes)

A company with global offices has a single 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection to a single AWS Region. The company's on-premises network uses the connection to communicate with the company's resources in the AWS Cloud. The connection has a single private virtual interface that connects to a single VPC.
A solutions architect must implement a solution that adds a redundant Direct Connect connection in the same Region. The solution also must provide connectivity to other Regions through the same pair of Direct Connect connections as the company expands into other Regions.
Which solution meets these requirements?

A. Provision a Direct Connect gateway. Delete the existing private virtual interface from the existing connection. Create the second Direct Connect connection. Create a new private virtual interface on each connection, and connect both private virtual interfaces to the Direct Connect gateway. Connect the Direct Connect gateway to the single VPC.
B. Keep the existing private virtual interface. Create the second Direct Connect connection. Create a new private virtual interface on the new connection, and connect the new private virtual interface to the single VPC.
C. Keep the existing private virtual interface. Create the second Direct Connect connection. Create a new public virtual interface on the new connection and connect the new public virtual interface to the single VPC.
D. Provision a transit gateway. Delete the existing private virtual interface from the existing connection. Create the second Direct Connect connection. Create a new private virtual interface on each connection, and connect both private virtual interfaces to the transit gateway. Associate the transit gateway with the single VPC.

#469 (Accuracy: 100% / 2 votes)

A company has released a new version of a website to target an audience in Asia and South America. The website's media assets are hosted on Amazon S3 and have an Amazon CloudFront distribution to improve end-user performance. However, users are having a poor login experience, the authentication service is only available in the us-east-1 AWS Region.
How can the Solutions Architect improve the login experience and maintain high security and performance with minimal management overhead?

A. Replicate the setup in each new geography and use Amazon Route 53 geo-based routing to route traffic to the AWS Region closest to the users.
B. Use an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy to route traffic to the CloudFront distribution. Use CloudFront cached HTTP methods to improve the user login experience.
C. Use Amazon Lambda@Edge attached to the CloudFront viewer request trigger to authenticate and authorize users by maintaining a secure cookie token with a session expiry to improve the user experience in multiple geographies.
D. Replicate the setup in each geography and use Network Load Balancers to route traffic to the authentication service running in the closest region to users.

#470 (Accuracy: 100% / 1 votes)

A company is running a .NET three-tier web application on AWS. The team currently uses XL storage optimized instances to store and serve the website's image and video files on local instance storage. The company has encountered issues with data loss from replication and instance failures. The Solutions Architect has been asked to redesign this application to improve its reliability while keeping costs low.
Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Set up a new Amazon EFS share, move all image and video files to this share, and then attach this new drive as a mount point to all existing servers. Create an Elastic Load Balancer with Auto Scaling general purpose instances. Enable Amazon CloudFront to the Elastic Load Balancer. Enable Cost Explorer and use AWS Trusted Advisor checks to continue monitoring the environment for future savings.
B. Implement Auto Scaling with general purpose instance types and an Elastic Load Balancer. Enable an Amazon CloudFront distribution to Amazon S3 and move images and video files to Amazon S3. Reserve general purpose instances to meet base performance requirements. Use Cost Explorer and AWS Trusted Advisor checks to continue monitoring the environment for future savings.
C. Move the entire website to Amazon S3 using the S3 website hosting feature. Remove all the web servers and have Amazon S3 communicate directly with the application servers in Amazon VPC.
D. Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to deploy the .NET application. Move all images and video files to Amazon EFS. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that points to the EFS share. Reserve the m4.4xl instances needed to meet base performance requirements.

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