Cloud Practice

#261 (Accuracy: 100% / 5 votes)

A developer has observed an increase in bugs in the AWS Lambda functions that a development team has deployed in its Node.js application. To minimize these bugs, the developer wants to implement automated testing of Lambda functions in an environment that closely simulates the Lambda environment.

The developer needs to give other developers the ability to run the tests locally. The developer also needs to integrate the tests into the team’s continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline before the AWS Cloud Development Kit (AWS CDK) deployment.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Create sample events based on the Lambda documentation. Create automated test scripts that use the cdk local invoke command to invoke the Lambda functions. Check the response. Document the test scripts for the other developers on the team. Update the CI/CD pipeline to run the test scripts.
B. Install a unit testing framework that reproduces the Lambda execution environment. Create sample events based on the Lambda documentation. Invoke the handler function by using a unit testing framework. Check the response. Document how to run the unit testing framework for the other developers on the team. Update the CI/CD pipeline to run the unit testing framework.
C. Install the AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) CLI tool. Use the sam local generate-event command to generate sample events for the automated tests. Create automated test scripts that use the sam local invoke command to invoke the Lambda functions. Check the response. Document the test scripts for the other developers on the team. Update the CI/CD pipeline to run the test scripts.
D. Create sample events based on the Lambda documentation. Create a Docker container from the Node.js base image to invoke the Lambda functions. Check the response. Document how to run the Docker container for the other developers on the team. Update the CI/CD pipeline to run the Docker container.

#262 (Accuracy: 100% / 3 votes)

A developer must analyze performance issues with production-distributed applications written as AWS Lambda functions. These distributed Lambda applications invoke other components that make up the applications.

How should the developer identify and troubleshoot the root cause of the performance issues in production?

A. Add logging statements to the Lambda functions, then use Amazon CloudWatch to view the logs.
B. Use AWS CloudTrail and then examine the logs.
C. Use AWS X-Ray, then examine the segments and errors.
D. Run Amazon Inspector agents and then analyze performance.

#263 (Accuracy: 100% / 6 votes)

An ecommerce application is running behind an Application Load Balancer. A developer observes some unexpected load on the application during non-peak hours. The developer wants to analyze patterns for the client IP addresses that use the application.

Which HTTP header should the developer use for this analysis?

A. The X-Forwarded-Proto header
B. The X-Forwarded-Host header
C. The X-Forwarded-For header
D. The X-Forwarded-Port header

#264 (Accuracy: 100% / 4 votes)

An application runs on multiple EC2 instances behind an ELB.

Where is the session data best written so that it can be served reliably across multiple requests?

A. Write data to Amazon ElastiCache.
B. Write data to Amazon Elastic Block Store.
C. Write data to Amazon EC2 Instance Store.
D. Write data to the root filesystem.

#265 (Accuracy: 100% / 4 votes)

A company is using Amazon OpenSearch Service to implement an audit monitoring system. A developer needs to create an AWS CloudFormation custom resource that is associated with an AWS Lambda function to configure the OpenSearch Service domain. The Lambda function must access the OpenSearch Service domain by using OpenSearch Service internal master user credentials.

What is the MOST secure way to pass these credentials to the Lambda function?

A. Use a CloudFormation parameter to pass the master user credentials at deployment to the OpenSearch Service domain’s MasterUserOptions and the Lambda function’s environment variable. Set the NoEcho attribute to true.
B. Use a CloudFormation parameter to pass the master user credentials at deployment to the OpenSearch Service domain’s MasterUserOptions and to create a parameter in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Set the NoEcho attribute to true. Create an IAM role that has the ssm:GetParameter permission. Assign the role to the Lambda function. Store the parameter name as the Lambda function’s environment variable. Resolve the parameter’s value at runtime.
C. Use a CloudFormation parameter to pass the master user credentials at deployment to the OpenSearch Service domain’s MasterUserOptions and the Lambda function’s environment variable. Encrypt the parameter’s value by using the AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) encrypt command.
D. Use CloudFormation to create an AWS Secrets Manager secret. Use a CloudFormation dynamic reference to retrieve the secret’s value for the OpenSearch Service domain’s MasterUserOptions. Create an IAM role that has the secretsmanager:GetSecretValue permission. Assign the role to the Lambda function. Store the secret’s name as the Lambda function’s environment variable. Resolve the secret’s value at runtime.

#266 (Accuracy: 100% / 5 votes)

An organization is using Amazon CloudFront to ensure that its users experience low-latency access to its web application. The organization has identified a need to encrypt all traffic between users and CloudFront, and all traffic between CloudFront and the web application.

How can these requirements be met? (Choose two.)

A. Use AWS KMS to encrypt traffic between CloudFront and the web application.
B. Set the Origin Protocol Policy to “HTTPS Only”.
C. Set the Origin’s HTTP Port to 443.
D. Set the Viewer Protocol Policy to “HTTPS Only” or “Redirect HTTP to HTTPS”.
E. Enable the CloudFront option Restrict Viewer Access.

#267 (Accuracy: 100% / 4 votes)

A developer is building an application that uses AWS API Gateway APIs, AWS Lambda functions, and AWS DynamoDB tables. The developer uses the AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) to build and run serverless applications on AWS. Each time the developer pushes changes for only to the Lambda functions, all the artifacts in the application are rebuilt.

The developer wants to implement AWS SAM Accelerate by running a command to only redeploy the Lambda functions that have changed.

Which command will meet these requirements?

A. sam deploy --force-upload
B. sam deploy --no-execute-changeset
C. sam package
D. sam sync --watch

#268 (Accuracy: 100% / 3 votes)

A company’s website runs on an Amazon EC2 instance and uses Auto Scaling to scale the environment during peak times. Website users across the world are experiencing high latency due to static content on the EC2 instance, even during non-peak hours.

Which combination of steps will resolve the latency issue? (Choose two.)

A. Double the Auto Scaling group’s maximum number of servers.
B. Host the application code on AWS Lambda.
C. Scale vertically by resizing the EC2 instances.
D. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution to cache the static content.
E. Store the application’s static content in Amazon S3.

#269 (Accuracy: 100% / 4 votes)

An online food company provides an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API to receive orders for partners. The API is integrated with an AWS Lambda function. The Lambda function stores the orders in an Amazon DynamoDB table.

The company expects to onboard additional partners. Some of the partners require additional Lambda functions to receive orders. The company has created an Amazon S3 bucket. The company needs to store all orders and updates in the S3 bucket for future analysis.

How can the developer ensure that all orders and updates are stored to Amazon S3 with the LEAST development effort?

A. Create a new Lambda function and a new API Gateway API endpoint. Configure the new Lambda function to write to the S3 bucket. Modify the original Lambda function to post updates to the new API endpoint.
B. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to create a new data stream. Modify the Lambda function to publish orders to the data stream. Configure the data stream to write to the S3 bucket.
C. Enable DynamoDB Streams on the DynamoDB table. Create a new Lambda function. Associate the stream’s Amazon Resource Name (ARN) with the Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to write to the S3 bucket as records appear in the table's stream.
D. Modify the Lambda function to publish to a new Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the Lambda function receives orders. Subscribe a new Lambda function to the topic. Configure the new Lambda function to write to the S3 bucket as updates come through the topic.

#270 (Accuracy: 100% / 4 votes)

A developer wants to add request validation to a production environment Amazon API Gateway API. The developer needs to test the changes before the API is deployed to the production environment. For the test, the developer will send test requests to the API through a testing tool.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

A. Export the existing API to an OpenAPI file. Create a new API. Import the OpenAPI file. Modify the new API to add request validation. Perform the tests. Modify the existing API to add request validation. Deploy the existing API to production.
B. Modify the existing API to add request validation. Deploy the updated API to a new API Gateway stage. Perform the tests. Deploy the updated API to the API Gateway production stage.
C. Create a new API. Add the necessary resources and methods, including new request validation. Perform the tests. Modify the existing API to add request validation. Deploy the existing API to production
D. Clone the existing API. Modify the new API to add request validation. Perform the tests. Modify the existing API to add request validation. Deploy the existing API to production.

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